Question :
51. Pretend that you want to determine the relationship between caffeine : 1246151
51. Pretend that you want to determine the relationship between caffeine intake and performance on a midterm exam. As students sit down to take the exam, you ask them to write the number of cups of tea, soda, or coffee they ingested two hours prior to the exam. You also obtain their exam scores. You calculate the correlation coefficient between the two variables to be +0.82. What can you conclude?
A. The more caffeine students consumed, the better their scores.
B. 82 percent of the students consumed caffeine prior to the exam.
C. Students with low scores didn’t consume caffeine.
D. Students who drink caffeine are smarter than those who don’t drink caffeine.
52. Third variables are also called _____.
A. confederates
B. confounds
C. allies
D. boosters
53. Longitudinal research involves _____.
A. observing and measuring the same variables periodically over time
B. randomly assigning participants to the control and experimental groups
C. the random selection of participants within a particular population
D. uncovering unconscious motives and conflicts
54. Professor Wong measured the intelligence and temperament of a group of preschoolers. He plans to follow the same group of participants over time and collect similar data when the children are in 3rd grade, 6th grade, and 9th grade. This is an example of which type of research design?
A. Sampling design
B. Experimental design
C. Longitudinal design
D. Double-blind experiment
55. _____ provide ways by which correlational researchers may attempt to demonstrate causal relations among variables, even though the causal relationship may still be somewhat unclear.
A. Random selection techniques
B. Sampling designs
C. Longitudinal designs
D. Survey designs
56. Dr. Steinguard wants to demonstrate a cause and effect relationship between stress and memory. Which of the following research methods should he use?
A. Correlational studies
B. Survey method
C. Naturalistic observation
D. Experimental method
57. _____ refers to researchers’ allocation of participants to groups by chance, to reduce the likelihood that an experiment’s results will be due to preexisting differences between groups.
A. Selection bias
B. Experimenter bias
C. Random assignment
D. Random selection
58. Which of the following research methods allow(s) researchers to determine causality?
A. Survey method
B. Observations
C. Experimental studies
D. Case study
59. A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video game play on aggression. Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?
A. Frequency of violent video game play
B. Video game preferences
C. Scores on an aggressive behavior survey
D. The number of hours spent playing video games
60. The _____ is a manipulated experimental factor and _____ is the outcome.
A. dependent variable/ independent variable
B. independent variable/ dependent variable
C. confounding variable/ independent variable
D. dependent variable/ confounding variable
