Question 1

Pipeline transport is the long-distance transportation of a liquid or gas through a system of pipes—a pipeline—typically to a market area for consumption. The latest data from 2014 gives a total of slightly less than 3,500,000 km of pipeline in 120 countries of the world.

a. Describe the FOUR (4) elements of pipeline transport.

(15 marks)

b. Explain the THREE (3) advantages of using pipeline as transportation mode.

(10 marks)

[Total: 25 marks]

Question 2

Containerization is one of important consideration to move the items in a good and secure way.

a. Determine the factors businesses need to consider in using containers for moving items.

(15 marks)

b. Explain the benefits of using container to move the items operations.

(10 marks)

[Total: 25 marks]

3 BLC305/03

Question 3

The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) publishes a set of Incoterms, officially known as international commercial terms to facilitate commerce around the world. Globally recognized, Incoterms prevent confusion in foreign trade contracts by clarifying the obligations of buyers and sellers.

a. Explain the THREE (3) mistakes to avoid when choosing incoterm for the international shipments.

(15 marks)

b. Illustrate the selection of Incoterm EXWORKS and DDP affected the item unit price with suitable examples.

(10 marks)

[Total: 25 marks]

Question 4

Despite the pandemic, the larger trends in the transportation industry are not going away. The need for more environmentally friendly, resilient and comfortable ways to move around will persist and reassert itself after the lockdowns have ended. Discuss FIVE (5) future challenges of Freight Transport.

(25 marks)

[Total: 25 marks]