Discussion board the politics and policy of taxes and deficit spending | PADM 600 – Politics & Policy of Public Sector Budgeting | Liberty University

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Topic: The Politics and Policy of Taxes and Deficit Spending.

As you have seen, public budgeting is inherently political. Indeed, it is driven by an acutely political cycle: For example: 1) Politicians promise benefits in order to get elected; 2) Those promised benefits often come at high expense; 3) If campaign promises are to be kept, taxes must be raised or reorganized in order to transfer and transform private wealth into government revenue to cover those expenses; 4) Individuals losing wealth through higher taxes may seek to remove from office the politicians that raised their taxes, and so on. In light of this cycle, many individuals, institutions, political challengers and think tanks may work to hold elected officials accountable for their public budgeting decisions. For this discussion, you will provide and explain an example of political strategies used to hold elected officials accountable for taxing/spending policy and an example of a political strategy used by politicians to avoid the potentially negative consequences of deficit spending or tax increases.

Submit your threads by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday and your replies by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday.

400-500 words

Module’s Readings, Study Materials, and any additional scholarly citations in APA format.

Scripture & Prayer

Fear thou not; for I am with thee: be not dismayed; for I am thy God: ( Isaiah 41:10)

Week 3 Lecture: The Politics of Spending

Actual spending on programs depends on (1) strategy (2) program structure, and (3) environment.

The level of debate for spending, the level of adaptability and caution, and the amount of control all shift with the program structure

One Approach at the national and state level, has been to diminish adaptability and to put spending on programmed pilot. However, this approach could ultimately create a budgetary deficiency.

Budgeting successfully for program spending, requires a different set of skills

These skills employ a policy analysis technique because the point of control is in the program design, not the annual spending numbers

Planning effectively for program spending requires a substantial approach of examining the program design.

For example, additional spending in one budget category may reduce expenses in another category

Providing services such as public transportation housing and schools could lower costs and other expenses.

Similarly, mandating pollution control and awareness could lower health care expenses. Additionally, providing educational services and training could likewise reduce unemployment insurance, welfare, courts and jails.

New Policies such as the government Performance and Results Act highlights the necessity of evaluating and measuring program objective and execution

The end results of evaluations and measuring tools is to assist budgeters with arriving at creative ideas beyond the original program goals.

The Politics of Spending

Student Resources

· For Information on state governments transparency endeavors, visit Following the Money 2012: How the 50 States Rate in Providing Online Access to Government Spending Data.

· For information on the Federal Government transparency visit USAspending.gov

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July 1, 2023

1) Members of OSHA's $100,000 club have:

A) invested more than $100,000 in health and safety equipment for employees.

B) purchased health and safety insurance coverage of at least $100,000.

C) received fines of $100,000 or more for safety or health violations.

D) paid more than $100,000 in workers' compensation claims.

2) Workplace safety is a significant issue because approximately ________ employees were injured on the job in 2009.

A) 3,000,000

B) 1,000,000

C) 500,000

D) 250,000

3) According to the doctrine of contributory negligence, employers were:

A) not responsible for an employees' injury when another employee's negligence caused the injury.

B) not liable for an employee's injuries when that employee's own negligence caused the injury.

C) responsible for compensating employees for all work-related illnesses and accidents.

D) not responsible for any employees' injuries under any circumstances.

4) Workers' compensation laws vary by state, but all are built on the theory that:

A) employees' personal health insurance should pay the medical costs of any injuries.

B) work-related accidents are costs of doing business and should be paid for by employers.

C) governments are responsible for paying the medical costs related to an employee's injuries.

D) employers are not responsible for employee injuries resulting from the employee's own negligence.

5) Which of the following is a true statement about workers' compensation?

A) Workers' compensation laws are federally mandated and enforced by OSHA.

B) Non-union firms are not required to carry workers' compensation insurance.

C) Workers' compensation is not mandatory in all U.S. states.

D) Most states had workers' compensation programs by 1911.

6) Workers' compensation:

A) pays only if the worker cannot.

B) is considered a no-fault system.

C) is mandatory in all fifty states.

D) covers employees' medical costs with Medicaid.

7) The primary goal of state workers' compensation laws is best described as:

A) providing a means for injured workers to receive care and income without having to sue.

B) determining the cause of work-related accidents and minimizing future accidents.

C) ensuring that employers are not held responsible for accidents caused by worker negligence.

D) spreading the cost of workplace accidents among all workers in the state.

8) The ________ holds that employers are not held liable for an employee's injuries when the negligence of another employee contributed to or caused the accident.

A) doctrine of contributory negligence

B) fellow-servant rule

C) general duty provision

D) "no-fault" rule

9) Which of the following is most likely true?

A) Workers' compensation is a federal program. OSHA is the organization that helps individual states meet workers' compensation standards.

B) Workers' compensation is a federal program that provides compensation to employees injured on the job. OSHA is a federal program that creates and enforces safety standards in the work place.

C) OSHA is a federal program that creates safety standards for work environments. Workers' compensation programs are created by the individual states to provide compensation for employees injured on the job.

D) OSHA is a federal program that provides compensation for employees injured on the job. Workers' compensation programs are state programs that provide compensation for employees injured on the job.

10) Workers' compensation:

A) replaces the worker's entire income until he/she is able to work again.

B) provides benefits for permanent, but not temporary, impairment.

C) gives survivors burial allowances and income benefits.

D) covers medical expenses up to $100,000.