141.Overextendedperiodsoftime,populationgrowth a.hasnoeffectonthestandardofliving. b.hasuncertaineffectsonthestandardofliving. c.clearlyraisesthestandardofliving. d.clearlylowersthestandardofliving. 142.Otherthingsthesame,higherpopulationgrowth a.raisestheamountofphysicalcapitalperworkerandthereissomeevidencethatitraisesthepaceoftechnologicalprogress. b.raisestheamountofphysicalcapitalperworker,butthereissomeevidencethatitreducesthepaceoftechnologicalprogress. c.reducestheamountofphysicalcapitalperworker,butthereissomeevidencethatitraisesthepaceoftechnologicalprogress. d.reducestheamountofphysicalcapitalperworkerandthereissomeevidencethatitreducesthepaceoftechnologicalprogress. 143.Onthebasisoftheoryandempiricalevidence,economistshavereachedseveralconclusionsabouteconomicgrowth.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneoftheseconclusions? a.Arelativelysimplewaytoincreasegrowthratespermanentlyistoincreaseacountry’ssavingrate. b.Growthisgenerallyinhibitedratherthanpromotedbypolicieslikeprotectivetariffs. c.Well-establishedpropertyrightsthatareenforcedbyfairandefficientcourtsareimportanttoeconomicgrowth. d.Countrieswithfewdomesticnaturalresourcesstillhaveopportunitiesforeconomicgrowth. 144.Whichofthefollowingprovidebenefitstosocietyatlargeandnotjusttotheperson(s)whopursuesit? a.bothtechnologicalknowledgethatisapublicgoodandeducation b.technologicalknowledgethatisapublicgood,butnoteducation c.education,butnottechnologicalknowledgethatisapublicgood d.neithereducation,nortechnologicalknowledgethatisapublicgood 145.Allelseequal,whichofthefollowingwouldtendtocauserealGDPperpersontorise? a.achangefromoutward-orientedpoliciestoinward-orientedpolicies b.anincreaseininvestmentinhumancapital c.aweakeningofpropertyrights d.Alloftheabovearecorrect. 146.Allelseequal,whichofthefollowingwouldtendtocauserealGDPperpersontorise? a.achangefrominward-orientedpoliciestooutward-orientedpolicies b.anincreaseininvestmentinhumancapital c.strengtheningofpropertyrights. d.Alloftheabovearecorrect. 147.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotcorrect? a.Thecatch-upeffectisbasedontheassumptionofdiminishingreturnstocapital. b.Investmentinpoorcountriesbycitizensofrichcountriesisonewaypoorcountriescanlearnnewtechnologies. c.Malthusarguedthatcharityandgovernmentaidwasaneffectivewaytoreducepoverty. d.Peaceandjusticearekeystogrowth. 148.SenatorSmithsaysthatinordertohelppoorcountriesdevelop,theUnitedStatesshould:1.PreventU.S.corporationsfrominvestinginpoorcountriesbecausetheytakeprofitsthatthepoorcountriesshouldhave;2.Notimportgoodsfrompoorcountriesthatusechildlabor;3.Worktopromotepoliticalstabilityinpoorcountries;and4.Reducepoorcountries’relianceonmarketforcesintheireconomies.Howmanyoftheseideasarelikelytohelppoorcountriesgrow? a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4 149.SenatorNoitallsaysthatinordertohelppoorcountriesdevelop,theUnitedStatesshould:1.EncouragepoorcountriestoallowU.S.andotherforeignfirmstobuildandoperatebusinessesintheircountry;2.ReduceoreliminatesubsidizestoU.S.producerswhenpoorcountrieshaveacomparativeadvantageproducingthosegoodstheU.S.subsidizes;3.Worktopromotepoliticalstabilityinpoorcountries;and4.Reducepoorcountriesrelianceonmarketforcesintheireconomies.Howmanyoftheseideasarelikelytohelppoorcountriesgrow? a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4 150.Thepresidentofapoorcountryhasannouncedthathewillimplementthefollowingmeasureswhichheclaimsaredesignedtoincreasegrowth:1.Reducecorruptioninthelegalsystem;2.Reducerelianceonmarketforcesbecausetheyallocategoodsandservicesinanunfairmanner;3.Restrictinvestmentindomesticindustriesbyforeignersbecausetheytakesomeoftheprofitsoutofthecountry;4.Encouragetradewithneighboringcountries;and5.IncreasethefractionofGDPdevotedtoconsumption.Howmanyofthesemeasureswillhaveapositiveeffectongrowth? a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4