81.An “Open” sign in the window of a store that tells Ivan he can go in to purchase a beverage he finds particularly reinforcing. In this example, the sign serves as a A)primary reinforcer. B)discriminative stimulus. C)conditioned reinforcer. D)conditioned stimulus. E)secondary reinforcer. 82.Presentation of a rewarding stimulus serves as ______, while removal of an aversive stimulus serves as ______. A)positive punishment; negative punishment B)negative […]

    11. You have a kind of picture in your head of your hometown, a mental representation of its layout and the location of key landmarks, like rivers, buildings, freeways, and parks. This representation is called a(n):  A. internal navigator. B. mental GPS. C. cognitive map. D. perceptual blueprint.     12. Learning by watching the behavior of another person, or model is known as _____.  A. perceptual learning B. observational learning […]

  21. After Taki is diagnosed with cancer of the stomach, the doctors decide to remove his stomach entirely. After the operation, Taki will probably  A. eat much more than before. B. eat roughly the same amount of food as before. C. eat much less than before. D. be unable to regulate his food intake. 22. Jerry is severely overweight. He asks his doctor whether injections of the hormone called leptin […]

  51. In order to treat Sarah’s fear of squirrels, Sarah’s therapist asks her to create a list of fear-provoking situations, which she then ranks from “least scary” to “most scary.” Sarah is most likely preparing to engage in  A. flooding. B. systematic desensitization therapy. C. modeling. D. aversion conditioning. 52. To treat a client’s fear of rabbits, a therapist has the client engage in progressive relaxation training. The therapist then […]

    51. Reflexes are _____ responses that occur _____ instructions from the brain.  A. voluntary; with B. involuntary; with C. voluntary; without D. involuntary; without 52. Chirag’s spinal cord was completely severed at the neck in an auto accident. He would still be able to  A. wiggle his toes. B. exhibit the “knee jerk” reflex in response to a tap on the knee. C. feel the pain of a pinprick on his foot. […]

  41. Aster has created an experiment in which infants are tested to determine if they know the location of objects hidden from their view. If her experiment demonstrates that object permanence does occur earlier in life than Piaget proposed, what result can Aster expect?  A. The infants will appear surprised by the disappearance of a familiar object. B. The infants will only respond to familiar objects that […]

    41. Steve was constantly fearful and tense. He went to a psychiatrist to receive treatment. Although Steve expected to talk his problems over with the psychiatrist, the doctor only briefly talked to Steve and prescribed a pill to help him relax. The doctor was treating Steve with a _____ approach.  A. biological B. psychodynamic C. behavioral D. cognitive 42. Dr. Allera studies how brain activity is related to depressed […]

  111. More than 1,000 colleges in the United States offer cooperative (co-op) programs, which are: a. service jobs on campus. b. paid apprenticeships in a field that you are interested in pursuing. c. community service programs. d. internships with local companies. 112. According to the U.S. government’s Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012–2013, which of the following areas of work are expected to account for the […]

  81. Which of the following skills have improved as a result of the increased use of computers and video games by students?  A. Critical thinking skills B. Analysis skills C. Visual skills D. Writing skills 82. _____ parents urge adolescents to look at both sides of issues, welcome their participation in family decisions, and admit that children sometimes know more than parents.  A. Authoritative B. Authoritarian C. Permissive D. Neglectful 83. Authoritative parents  A. strike a […]

    51. Which of the following statements best describes the fate of Binet’s intelligence test within psychology?  A. It really has had little lasting influence on contemporary intelligence testing. B. It is still used, and it is in virtually the same form as Binet’s original test. C. It was used for a number of decades, but was then abandoned. D. It is still used, but in a heavily revised […]