Use the following vignette to answer Items 70 and 71.   Mark has a learning disability in math.  He is the only student with a learning disability in Mrs. Radecki’s third-grade class.  In an effort to help Mark (and the rest of the class), Mrs. Radecki strongly encourages the class to be “strategic” in memorizing their multiplication facts. She comments, “Now we all know […]

  41.  In order to protect herself from experiencing anxiety, Nancy is attributing her own unacceptable aggressive impulses to another individual. Nancy is using a(n): A.  self-actualization principle. B.  fixation process. C.  defense mechanism. D.  preconscious process. 42.  Probably the most primary of the defense mechanisms is that of: A.  denial. B.  repression. C.  projection. D.  sublimation. 43.  _____ is the primary defense mechanism in […]

Culture   1.The group and individual differences we see in our students is best described as: a.ethnicity. b.socioeconomic status. c.culture. d.learner diversity.   2.Of the following, which is the best definition of culture? a.A person’s ancestry and the way individuals identify with the nation from which they or their ancestors came b.The knowledge, attitudes, values, and customs that characterize a social group c.Beliefs, values, and […]

    81. The second most common disorder in older adults, involving progressive neurological degeneration and characterized by tremors, stiffness, and unstable posture, is A. Alzheimer disease. B. depression. C. Parkinson’s disease. D. dementia.       82. The brain of a person with Alzheimer disease shows excessive amounts of A. hormonal deficiency. B. neurofibrillary tangles. C. amyloid plaque. D. both neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid […]

    31. Shaun is angry at the way a coworker has treated him. Shaun feels justified in his anger because “surely, anybody would feel the same way if the same thing happened to them”. This example reveals Shaun’s susceptibility to the:  A. halo effect. B. assumed-similarity bias. C. self-serving bias. D. fundamental attribution error.     32. The tendency to attribute personal success to personal factors (skill, ability, or effort) […]

  71. At Jason’s second birthday party, all the children were playing with toys in the backyard. Although the children were sitting near one another, each child played separately with his or her selected toys. Parten would describe this as an example of _____ play.  A. dramatic B. parallel C. associative D. cooperative 72. During free play at preschool, Valerie spends her time playing with Seth and Tifara. Their favorite activity […]

  47.The comprehensive approach to educating students with disabilities that advocates a total, systematic, and coordinated web of services is referred to as: a.mainstreaming. b.adaptive fit. c.least restrictive environment. d.inclusion.   48.Which of the following is a provision of inclusion? a.Students with special needs will be placed on a regular school campus. b.Students with special needs will be placed in separate school campus settings. c.Students […]

  101.In Rotter’s theory, a subjective value is A)a measure of the importance of a trait. B)the worth one places on a desired outcome. C)other people’s evaluation of one’s personality. D)one’s own evaluation of one’s personality. E)the likelihood that a person will perform a behavior that s/he sets out to accomplish. 102.An individual’s general belief about his or her ability to obtain reinforcements is referred […]

  81. Joella was rollerblading when a cat jumped right in front of her, causing her to trip and fall. When she fell, she partially landed on the front side of her head near her forehead. Shortly afterwards, Joella exhibited symptoms similar to that of Phineas Gage. Which lobe would have been most affected by this fall? a) frontal b) temporal c) parietal d) occipital […]

  58.Having a clear perception of reality and accepting self, others, and the world are characteristics of: a.self-actualization. b.self-esteem. c.self-awareness. d.self-efficacy.   59.According to Maslow, which of the following needs will predominate if there is a conflict among needs? a.Need to spend time at concerts and museums b.Need to stay informed about events in the world c.Need to belong to a family d.Need to be […]